does not produce or use insulin effectively. It is not
curable for most people, but treatments include
medication, lifestyle adjustments, and management
of diabetes' various complications.
The main aim of diabetes treatment is to return blood sugar to a
safe threshold and reduce the risk of complications while helping a
person with diabetes to resume daily function.
In this article, we look at the treatments for types 1 and 2 diabetes,
as well as the importance of insulin .
People can manage some cases of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle
adjustments, so we also examine the steps a person can take in the
early stages of diabetes to reverse its progression.
The main medication for managing type 1 diabetes is insulin.
Insulin
Taking insulin at the right times of day can improve quality of life for
a person with diabetes.
People with type 1 diabetes must take insulin, as the pancreas of a
person with type 1 does not produce the hormone. Supplementary
insulin helps the cells in the body to absorb glucose and use
energy.
A person with type 1 diabetes will need to receive insulin at several
points throughout the day. Some doses of insulin will occur before
or after a meal. With type 2 diabetes, insulin is not always
necessary.
However, a doctor may recommend taking it at certain times, such
as while pregnant or during an extended hospital admission.
Self-monitoring can help an individual decide when to take insulin.
Insulin has several different delivery methods. The most common
methods include the following.
Insulin pump: This delivers small, continuous doses of insulin
throughout the day.
Needle and syringe: An individual draws insulin fluid from a bottle
and injects a shot. The most effective location is on the stomach,
but a person can also administer a shot into the upper arm, the
buttocks, or the thigh.
Some people need several shots to return blood glucose to an ideal
level. Others might only require one shot.
Pen: Some insulin pens are disposable, while others offer space for
a replaceable insulin cartridge. They are costlier than needles but
easier to use and resemble a pen with a needle instead of a nib.
Less commonly, people might use the following to administer
insulin:
Inhaler: Some types of insulin can be breathed in as a powder from
an inhaler device. Inhaled insulin can reach the blood faster than
other types. However, it is only suitable for adults who have type 1
or type 2 diabetes.
Jet injector: This method delivers a fine, high-pressure spray into
the skin instead of a needle injection.
Injection port: This contains a short tube that the person who needs
insulin slots just beneath the skin. They would then inject insulin
into the port with a pen or needle and syringe and fit a replacement
every few days. An injection port gets around having to puncture
the skin every day.
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